The hospital was first opened as Ankara Children's Hospital on Işıklar Street in the 1950s. With the efforts of Dr. Sami Ulus, who gave his name to the hospital, today's hospital building was put into service in 1963 with a capacity of 150 beds.

Dr. Sami Ulus, who was appointed as the first chief physician of the hospital, died in the line of duty on May 6, 1965. The then Minister of Health and Social Welfare Dr. Faruk Sükan named the hospital "Dr. Sami Ulus Children's Hospital" on July 16, 1965.

The hospital, which has been in development since its establishment, was opened to the public in 1990 with the addition of a 2-storey polyclinic building and a follow-up and treatment center. Upon the insufficiency of the service building, a 5-storey annex building (75th Anniversary Building) was built in the garden of our hospital and opened on April 23, 1998 by the 9th President Süleyman Demirel. Later, on June 23, 2008, it merged with Zübeyde Hanım Maternity Hospital and continued to serve.

The hospital, which has been serving as a Training and Research Hospital since its establishment, has 418 beds and 1792 personnel; education is provided with approximately 40 education officers and 210 specialist doctors.